'Some key elements that influence the working of a democratic government are — people's participation, resolution of conflict and commitment to equality and justice.' 'Voting, dharna, rallies, social movements.' 'By voting in elections.' 'In a democracy, people participate by voting in elections. All governments are elected for fixed periods. In India this period is five years.'

'The products sold in weekly markets could be bought at cheap rates whereas only a few people can afford products sold in shopping malls.' 'Weekly markets do not have permanent shops whereas the shops in shopping malls are built to last.' 'Weekly markets run in both rural and urban areas whereas a shopping mall is usually seen in urban areas.' 'Weekly markets are markets which are held on a specific day of the week whereas shopping malls are multi-storeyed buildings with shops on different floors.'

Showing animatedly how maps and globes resemble our Earth Showing the maps to the students Ask them to find out the reason themselves Showing the globe to the students

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A). (A) is false, but (R) is true. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (A) is true, but (R) is false.

A is true, but B is false. Both A and B are false. A is false, but B is true. Both A and B are true.

Gender constancy Gender stereotype Gender typing Gender discrimination

Asking students to conduct survey in their neighbourhood about election Organizing an election in the class for class representatives Screening a documentary on a local election Inviting an expert for a lecture

screening a movie or documentary on Bakarwals. lecture and seminar. a group discussion on tribes and nomadic pastoralists. textbook reading.

Arranging responses around concepts, themes and issues. Noting responses of students who are considered bright in the class. Listen to the students but not necessary to record. Recording every word said in the discussion.

Only C Only B A, B and C Only A

A, B and C B and C A, B, C and D A, C and D

A, C and D B, C and D A, B and D A, B and C

(A) is true, but (R) is false. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (A) is false, but (R) is true. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

A and B Only C B and C Only A

'List out three differences between a monarchy and a democratic government.' 'What are the features of a democratic government ?' 'We saw how the pandemic had disproportionately placed the burden of healthcare on doctors and frontline workers. Do you think any protest organized by them demanding better working conditions from the government is justified ? Support your answer with reasons.' 'You have been noticing for quite some time that the area near your house gets flooded every time it rains during the monsoon season. You and your neighbours decide that something has to be done regarding this issue. Which level of government – Local, State or Central, would you approach if you have such a grievance ?'

Application Understanding Analysis Knowledge

Write a brief note on the three organs of the state — the legislature, the executive and the judiciary. What are the three levels of the government ? What are their functions ? What do you think might happen if we did not have any state and local governments and all decisions were made at the Centre ? Define federalism.

Student C : A constitution ensures that a dominant group does not use its power against less powerful groups. Student B : A constitution gives us a set of rules on the basis of which a country is to be governed. Student D : A constitution usually contains rules that ensure that minorities are not excluded from anything that is routinely available to the majority. Student A : A constitution lays down rules that guard against the misuse of authority by our political leaders.

(A) is true, but (R) is false. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (A) is false, but (R) is true. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

Knowledge of terminologies Knowledge of classifications and categories Strategic knowledge Knowledge of subject-specific skills

9 a.m. 3 p.m. 10 a.m. 2 p.m.

Erosion and deposition by waves Wind erosion Man made activity Falling of rocks

Moderate temperature and moderate rainfall Heavy rainfall and high temperature Low rainfall and high temperature Moderate rainfall and low temperature

Arctic Circle is at 23 ½ north of the equator. Tropic of Capricorn passes through southern hemisphere. Antarctic Circle is at 23 ½ south of the equator. Tropic of Cancer passes through southern hemisphere.

Equator Tropic of Capricorn Arctic Circle Tropic of Cancer

B, C and D A, B and D A, C and D A, B and C

High air pressure Low air pressure Free from clouds and related weather phenomena Windy conditions

A-II, B-III, C-IV, D-I A-I, B-II, C-III, D-IV A-IV, B-I, C-II, D-III A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

moves from poles to equator gets heated from underground gets heated by hot springs originates near the equator

A-I, B-II, C-IV, D-III A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I A-II, B-III, C-I, D-IV A-IV, B-I, C-III, D-II

Biogas causes greenhouse effect. Solar energy is renewable energy. Tidal energy is exhaustible. Wind energy is non-polluting.

Waterways Railways Airways Roadways

Non-renewable resources Renewable resources Human made resources Abiotic resources

Discrimination Stereotype Progressiveness Prejudice

A, C and D B, C and D A, B, C and D A, B and C

(A) is true, but (R) is false. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (A) is false, but (R) is true. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

A, B and D A, C and D A, B, C and D A, B and C

A, B and D A, C and D A, B, C and D A, B and C

A, B and D A, C and D A, B, C and D A, B and C

Overvaluation of official work Less time taken for household work Patriarchal set-up of Indian society Devaluation of household work

Article 19 Article 21 Article 14 Article 20

B and C A and C C and D A and B

A, B and D B, C and D A, B, C and D A, B and C

A, B and D A, B and C A, C and D A and B

A, B and D A, C and D A, B, C and D B and C

A, B and D B, C and D A, B, C and D A, B and C

Only C B and C Only D A and D

Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct reason for (A). (A) is false, but (R) is true. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct reason for (A). (A) is true, but (R) is false.

A is true, but B is false. Both A and B are false. A is false, but B is true. Both A and B are true.

(A) is true, but (R) is false. Both (A) and (R) are true, but (R) is not the correct explanation of (A). (A) is false, but (R) is true. Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the correct explanation of (A).

B and C A and C A, B and C A and B

A and D B and C C and D A and B

Nationalists of anti-colonial movement of India. Bhakti singers. Anti-slavery activists of American Civil War. Brahmo Samaj reformers.

A is true, but B is false. Both A and B are true, but B is not an example of A. Both A and B are false. Both A and B are true and B is an example of A.

Begum Anis Qidwai Mumtaz Ali Hajara Beebi Ismail Begum Rokeya Sakhawat Hossain

they did not keep written records so there is less information. they were not living in areas where medieval rulers ventured. they came into limelight only after the British established their rule. they were isolated and lived in seclusion.

Didda Raziyya Gautami Rudramadevi

Only A Neither A nor B Only B Both A and B

Koldihwa Inamgaon Brahmagiri Hunsgi

Hunters and gatherers also had to provide forest produce to the Raja. There were taxes on goods that were bought and sold, through trade. Usually tax on crops was fixed at 1/2 (half) of what was produced. Herders were expected to pay taxes in the form of animals and animal produce.